English grammar
Extra information between commas:, who… /, which…
Add extra information about someone with a comma clause, using non-defining relative clauses with who/which.
From the scene Ramón, who had never acted…
In short
Add extra information between commas with who for people and which for things, never that.
Your turn
Which one goes with talking to someone: you, who …?
Options: Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all! · my bad mood, which everyone hates, is my best weapon · you, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre?
Show answer
talking to someone: you, who … → you, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre?
How it works
A clause between commas adds extra information about someone or something already named: Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all.
Your turn
Pick the word that fits the line.
Even the director, (blank) never smiles, started clapping!
Options: that · which · who
Show answer
Even the director, who never smiles, started clapping!
Hasta el director, que nunca sonríe, ¡se ha puesto a aplaudir!
Good to know
Use who for people and which for things — never that. Which can also comment on a whole idea: …, which means that…
person: , who …, Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all!
Elena
Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all!
Don Ramón, que nunca había actuado, ¡nos ha sorprendido a todos!
Your turn
What fills the gap?
(blank)!
Options: You, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre · My bad mood, which everyone hates, is my best weapon · Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all
Show answer
Elena
Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all!
Don Ramón, que nunca había actuado, ¡nos ha sorprendido a todos!
talking to someone: you, who … you, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre?
Elena
You, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre?
¿Usted, que siempre está de mal humor, hacía teatro?
Your turn
What fills the gap?
(blank)?
Options: My bad mood, which everyone hates, is my best weapon · You, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre · Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all
Show answer
Elena
You, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre?
¿Usted, que siempre está de mal humor, hacía teatro?
thing: , which …, my bad mood, which everyone hates, is my best weapon
Ramón
Well, it turns out my bad mood, which everyone hates, is my best weapon.
Pues resulta que mi mal humor, que todo el mundo odia, es mi mejor arma.
Your turn
What fills the gap?
Well, it turns out (blank).
Options: Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all · you, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre · my bad mood, which everyone hates, is my best weapon
Show answer
Ramón
Well, it turns out my bad mood, which everyone hates, is my best weapon.
Pues resulta que mi mal humor, que todo el mundo odia, es mi mejor arma.
a whole idea: which means… which means that at last your bad mood is good for something
Elena
Which means that at last your bad mood is good for something.
Lo que quiere decir que por fin su mal humor sirve para algo.
Your turn
What fills the gap?
(blank).
Options: Which means that at last your bad mood is good for something · Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all · You, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre
Show answer
Elena
Which means that at last your bad mood is good for something.
Lo que quiere decir que por fin su mal humor sirve para algo.
Practise it in the story
Meet this rule inside a short animated scene. Answer as it plays, then say the lines yourself.
Practise free in the appSee all forms
| person: , who …, | Don Ramón, who had never acted, has surprised us all! |
|---|---|
| talking to someone: you, who … | you, who are always in a bad mood, did theatre? |
| thing: , which …, | my bad mood, which everyone hates, is my best weapon |
| a whole idea: which means… | which means that at last your bad mood is good for something |
More lines from the story
- ElenaEven the director, who never smiles, started clapping!Hasta el director, que nunca sonríe, ¡se ha puesto a aplaudir!
- RamónWell, when I was young I used to do theatre in my village.Bueno, de joven hacía teatro en el pueblo.